Study: Recreational Marijuana Legalization Linked to Fewer Opioid Overdose Deaths

Using event studies and a two-way fixed-effects, difference-in-differences approach modeled on the work of Callaway and Sant’Anna, the study found a consistent negative relationship between legal marijuana markets and opioid mortality. According to the data, recreational legalization is associated with a reduction of about 3.5 opioid overdose deaths per 100,000 people. The study was conducted by researchers from West Virginia University, Angelo State University, New Mexico State University, and the American Institute for Economic Research

The researchers also discovered that states that adopted legalization earlier tended to see stronger declines in overdose deaths compared to later-adopting states. The findings held up through numerous robustness checks, suggesting a stable association rather than a temporary or coincidental effect.

These results add to a growing body of research suggesting that marijuana access may play a role in reducing reliance on opioids, potentially informing future public health and drug policy decisions. The authors note that their work highlights the importance of considering marijuana laws as part of a broader strategy for addressing the opioid epidemic.